Aphthous stomatitis, also known as recurrent aphthous ulcers or canker sores, is among the most common oral mucosal lesion physicians and dentists observe. Aphthous stomatitis is a disorder of unknown etiology that may cause significant morbidity. One or several discrete, shallow, painful

Background
The location of the base-of-tongue malignancy is critical in the diagnosis, management, and prognosis. The base of tongue is the site for the posterior opening of the oral cavity, the entrance of the pharynx and esophagus, and the inferior aspect of the nasopharynx. The surg

Healthcare providers are cognizant of performing tests that have limited utility. The balance between diagnostic value and necessary risk is considered to varying degrees based on the invasiveness of a test.